Dependency, Disability, Depression and Health Behaviors of the Oldest of the Old Community Residents: A Community Survey in Chiang Mai, Thailand

Paisan Thanyawinichkul, Myo Nyein Aung, Saiyud Moolphate, Chitima Katonyoo, Wantanee Chawapong, Panida Sennun, Waraporn Wanchaitanawong, Wittaya Tanaree, Mujjalin Pangsiri, Kanyapat Chaeye, Jitnatee Richie, Naiyana Metha, Nitcha Kongarin, Phikul Tinamas, Songyos Khamchai, Surasing Wisarutrat, Amorn Nondasuta

Abstract


Background: Community residents aged 80 years and older, living in Chiang Mai province in Northern Thailand were surveyed with the aim of exploring their dependency, disability, depression, social characteristics and health behaviors. 

Methods: We sampled 435 participants by a multi-stage stratified approach. Interviewer-administered questionnaire investigated their lifestyle, family information, Activity of Daily Living (ADL), depression and disability between May and July 2014. 

Results: The males constituted 45% of the sample. Average ADL score was 18.85±2.66. Less than 5% of the participants were dependent for active daily living whereas 40% had at least one problem in ADL. The most commonly reported problem was urinary incontinence (19%). Long-term disability was found in 17%, short-term disability in 19%, and depression in 10%. The females were at higher risk of being widows, and lacked reading and writing abilities. Hypertension was highly prevalent (43%). All participants had health insurance coverage, but only half of them were financially well prepared for unforeseen circumstances. 

Conclusions: The study will provide a baseline for public health, social work, medicine and other related disciplines and communities to develop healthy aging programs and appropriately responding to fast approaching “grey tsunamiâ€.


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