| Eyosiyas Y. Asefa |
| Department of Reproductive Health, Jimma University, Ethiopia |
| June, 2016 |
Abstract |
Background: Adverse pregnancy outcomes lead to serious health consequences to the mother and/or the baby. These adverse birth outcomes: prematurity, low birth weight and still birth represent significant problems in both developing and developed countries. Adverse pregnancy outcomes are still major public health problems in developing countries including Ethiopia where most pregnancies are unplanned, complications are many and outcomes are generally unfavorable for both mother and infant. Objective: To identify determinants of adverse pregnancy outcomes among deliveries that took place in Jimma University Specialized Hospital from January 1 – December 31, 2015. Methods: The study was a facility-based unmatched case-control study design conducted by reviewing mothers and newborn cards and registration log book who delivered in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia. The study was done on randomly selected 86 cases and 258 controls using structured data collection checklist. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 20 and multiple logistic regression statistical methods were used to identify the predictors. Results: In this study 344 mothers and newborns cards were included yielding 100 % response rate. From this 86 mothers and newborn cards were selected for case group and 258 mothers and newborn cards were selected for control group. Most of the cases (80.2%) and controls (82.9%) were between the age of 20-34 years. Mothers who are referred for delivery service from other area were more than five times likely to have adverse pregnancy outcomes than mothers who were not referred, AOR=5.49, 95% CI = 2.80-10.76. Mothers who had illness during current pregnancy were seven times likely to be case than controls, AOR=7.22, 95% CI = 1.65-31.58. Mothers who attended ANC were 83% less likely to have adverse pregnancy outcome than mothers who didn’t attend ANC follow up, AOR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.06-0.49. Pregnant mothers who were anemic or had hemoglobin level of less than 11 gram/dl were more than seven times likely to have adverse pregnancy outcomes than non-anemic pregnant mothers, AOR=7.29, 95% CI= 2.85-18.67. Additionally, women who had obstetric emergencies during current pregnancy, complications during current delivery, and multiple pregnancy were more than 18 times AOR =18.40 [95% CI, 6.12-55.37], 2 times AOR=2.65 [95% CI, 1.38-5.11] and 7 times AOR=7.59 [95% CI, 1.49-38.65] to have adverse pregnancy outcomes than their counterparts respectively. Conclusions: According to the findings of this study; referral, illness during current pregnancy, having ANC attendance, anemia during current pregnancy, complication during delivery, multiple pregnancy and having obstetric emergencies are statistically significant predictors of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Recommendation: Providing ANC for all pregnant mothers, quality care for laboring mother and facilitation of early referral in case of complications is recommended. |
